Endometriosis Knowledgebase

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Gene id

3600

Gene Summary Protein Summary Gene ontology KEGG pathways Diseases PubMed references

Gene Summary

Gene Symbol

IL15 Gene UCSC Ensembl

Aliases

IL-15

Gene name

interleukin 15

Alternate names

interleukin-15,

Gene location

4q31.21 (141636595: 141733986) Exons: 10 NC_000004.12

Gene summary(Entrez)

The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that regulates T and natural killer cell activation and proliferation. This cytokine and interleukine 2 share many biological activities. They are found to bind common hematopoietin receptor subunits, and may compete for the same receptor, and thus negatively regulate each other's activity. The number of CD8+ memory cells is shown to be controlled by a balance between this cytokine and IL2. This cytokine induces the activation of JAK kinases, as well as the phosphorylation and activation of transcription activators STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6. Studies of the mouse counterpart suggested that this cytokine may increase the expression of apoptosis inhibitor BCL2L1/BCL-x(L), possibly through the transcription activation activity of STAT6, and thus prevent apoptosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]

OMIM

600554

Protein Summary

Protein general information

P40933

Name: Interleukin 15 (IL 15)

Length: 162 Mass: 18,086

Tissue specificity: Most abundant in placenta and skeletal muscle. It is also detected in the heart, lung, liver and kidney. IL15-S21AA is preferentially expressed in tissues such as testis and thymus.

Sequence

MRISKPHLRSISIQCYLCLLLNSHFLTEAGIHVFILGCFSAGLPKTEANWVNVISDLKKIEDLIQSMHIDATLYT
ESDVHPSCKVTAMKCFLLELQVISLESGDASIHDTVENLIILANNSLSSNGNVTESGCKECEELEEKNIKEFLQS
FVHIVQMFINTS

Structural information

Interpro:	IPR009079 IPR020439 IPR003443 IPR020466
Pfam:	PF02372
PDB:	2XQB 2Z3Q 2Z3R 4GS7
PDBsum:	2XQB 2Z3Q 2Z3R 4GS7
DIP:	3046
STRING:	ENSP00000296545;

Other Databases

GeneCards: IL15; Malacards: IL15

Gene ontology

GO accession	Term name	Evidence code	Go category
GO:0001779	natural killer cell diffe rentiation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0001866	NK T cell proliferation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0005125	cytokine activity	IBA	molecular_function
GO:0005126	cytokine receptor binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005576	extracellular region	NAS	cellular_component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	IDA	cellular_component
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IDA	cellular_component
GO:0005768	endosome	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005887	integral component of pla sma membrane	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0006954	inflammatory response	IEA	biological_process
GO:0006955	immune response	IEA	biological_process
GO:0007165	signal transduction	TAS	biological_process
GO:0007267	cell-cell signaling	TAS	biological_process
GO:0007568	aging	IEA	biological_process
GO:0008284	positive regulation of ce ll proliferation	TAS	biological_process
GO:0009986	cell surface	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0014732	skeletal muscle atrophy	IEA	biological_process
GO:0016020	membrane	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0030212	hyaluronan metabolic proc ess	IEA	biological_process
GO:0032740	positive regulation of in terleukin-17 production	IDA	biological_process
GO:0032819	positive regulation of na tural killer cell prolife ration	IEA	biological_process
GO:0032825	positive regulation of na tural killer cell differe ntiation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0034105	positive regulation of ti ssue remodeling	IC	biological_process
GO:0042102	positive regulation of T cell proliferation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0042506	tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein	IDA	biological_process
GO:0042517	positive regulation of ty rosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein	IEA	biological_process
GO:0045062	extrathymic T cell select ion	IEA	biological_process
GO:0045580	regulation of T cell diff erentiation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0048469	cell maturation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0048535	lymph node development	IEA	biological_process
GO:0048662	negative regulation of sm ooth muscle cell prolifer ation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0050691	regulation of defense res ponse to virus by host	IEA	biological_process
GO:0050729	positive regulation of in flammatory response	IC	biological_process
GO:0050778	positive regulation of im mune response	IEA	biological_process
GO:0071305	cellular response to vita min D	IEA	biological_process
GO:1904100	positive regulation of pr otein O-linked glycosylat ion	IEA	biological_process
GO:0001779	natural killer cell diffe rentiation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0001866	NK T cell proliferation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0005125	cytokine activity	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0005125	cytokine activity	IBA	molecular_function
GO:0005125	cytokine activity	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0005126	cytokine receptor binding	IEA	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005576	extracellular region	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	NAS	cellular_component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005615	extracellular space	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005634	nucleus	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005634	nucleus	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	IDA	cellular_component
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IDA	cellular_component
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005768	endosome	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005887	integral component of pla sma membrane	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0006954	inflammatory response	IEA	biological_process
GO:0006955	immune response	IEA	biological_process
GO:0006955	immune response	TAS	biological_process
GO:0007165	signal transduction	TAS	biological_process
GO:0007267	cell-cell signaling	TAS	biological_process
GO:0007568	aging	IEA	biological_process
GO:0008284	positive regulation of ce ll proliferation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0008284	positive regulation of ce ll proliferation	TAS	biological_process
GO:0009986	cell surface	IEA	cellular_component
GO:0014732	skeletal muscle atrophy	IEA	biological_process
GO:0016020	membrane	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0030212	hyaluronan metabolic proc ess	IEA	biological_process
GO:0031667	response to nutrient leve ls	IEA	biological_process
GO:0032740	positive regulation of in terleukin-17 production	IDA	biological_process
GO:0032819	positive regulation of na tural killer cell prolife ration	IEA	biological_process
GO:0032825	positive regulation of na tural killer cell differe ntiation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0034105	positive regulation of ti ssue remodeling	IC	biological_process
GO:0042102	positive regulation of T cell proliferation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0042506	tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein	IDA	biological_process
GO:0042517	positive regulation of ty rosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein	IEA	biological_process
GO:0045062	extrathymic T cell select ion	IEA	biological_process
GO:0045580	regulation of T cell diff erentiation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0048469	cell maturation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0048535	lymph node development	IEA	biological_process
GO:0048662	negative regulation of sm ooth muscle cell prolifer ation	IEA	biological_process
GO:0050691	regulation of defense res ponse to virus by host	IEA	biological_process
GO:0050729	positive regulation of in flammatory response	IC	biological_process
GO:0050778	positive regulation of im mune response	IEA	biological_process
GO:0071305	cellular response to vita min D	IEA	biological_process
GO:1904100	positive regulation of pr otein O-linked glycosylat ion	IEA	biological_process
GO:0005125	cytokine activity	IBA	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular_function
GO:0005576	extracellular region	NAS	cellular_component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005615	extracellular space	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	IDA	cellular_component
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IDA	cellular_component
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005768	endosome	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0005887	integral component of pla sma membrane	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0006955	immune response	TAS	biological_process
GO:0007165	signal transduction	TAS	biological_process
GO:0007267	cell-cell signaling	TAS	biological_process
GO:0008284	positive regulation of ce ll proliferation	TAS	biological_process
GO:0016020	membrane	TAS	cellular_component
GO:0032740	positive regulation of in terleukin-17 production	IDA	biological_process
GO:0034105	positive regulation of ti ssue remodeling	IC	biological_process
GO:0042506	tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein	IDA	biological_process
GO:0050729	positive regulation of in flammatory response	IC	biological_process

KEGG pathways

hsa04060  Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
hsa05166  HTLV-I infection
hsa05168  Herpes simplex infection
hsa04630  Jak-STAT signaling pathway
hsa04668  TNF signaling pathway
hsa05323  Rheumatoid arthritis
hsa04672  Intestinal immune network for IgA production

Diseases

Associated diseases	References
Arthritis	PMID: 11981324
Asthma	PMID: 16333313
Cancer	PMID: 18676680
Celiac disease	PMID: 19240061
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	PMID: 19625176
Endometriosis	PMID: 12810542
Neoplasm	PMID: 19176441
Female infertility	INFBASE12810542
Implantation defects	INFBASE12810542
Endometriosis	INFBASE12571184
Psoriasis	PMID: 18580966
Recurrent implantation failure (RIF)	PMID: 22537815
Rheumatoid arthritis	PMID: 17616399
Unexplained infertility	PMID: 17934309

PubMed references

PMID	Condition	Population details	Associated_genes	Abstract
12571184	Endometrio sis	73 (55 women wi th endometriosi s (23 with supe rficial periton eal implants, 1 9 with deep end ometriotic impl ants and 13 wit h ovarian endom etriomas), 18 women with norm al pelvic anato my undergoing t ubal sterilizat ion served as c ontrols)		Show abstract
12765345	Endometrio sis		IL-13 IL-15	Show abstract
16876309	Endometrio sis	79 (50 women wi th endometriosi s, 29 fertile w omen having tub al ligation)	IL-15	Show abstract
12810542	Endometrio sis		IL-15 proline-rich protein B61 Dickkopf-1 glycodelin N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase G0S2 protein purine nucleoside phosphorylase semaphorin E neuronal olfactomedin-related endoplasmic reticulum localized protein mRNA Sam68-like phospho	Show abstract
27190213	Endometrio sis			Show abstract